I don’t agree mate not to be a prick who argues for the sake of it either,
First off I would never insulate internally if there’s a chance of doing it externally, the usual reason/excuse for doing it internally is cost(cheaper).
As for fixing insulation boards directly to the wall I understand that doing this will create a dew point on the internal structure due to the cold air from outside breaching the structure and hitting the warm air inside. To overcome this the wall would have to be battened out and have a vapour barrier installed then insulated then plaster boarded etc etc, now to combat the build up of moisture due to the dew point there would have to be drainage which would then mean removing bricks outside and installing a vent/drainage brick maybe something like a air brick?
Whereas insulating externally the insulation is on the outside therefore slowing down the heat escaping from internally and cold air staying on the outside of the structure and creating a dew point outside the property which would be finished in a silicone render or similar which would then eliminate to need for drainage etc as the moisture would sit on the outside of the system.
I’m pretty sure someone’s gonna come along and tear me a new arsehole now and make me look like a kid lol